Cell signaling

The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) is a crucial organelle in eukaryotic cells responsible for protein synthesis, folding, and transport. It consists of a complex network of interconnected membranes, including rough ER with ribosomes and smooth ER without ribosomes. The ER plays a vital role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, lipid metabolism, and calcium storage. Dysfunctions in ER function can lead to various diseases, highlighting the significance of understanding its mechanisms and functions.